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Article History

Received: 1 July 2025

Accepted: 9 October 2025

First Online: 5 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Prior to starting data collection, we secured permission from the Menz Keya Gebreal district administration offices. Informants were verbally asked for their consent before interviews and group discussions, and their data was recorded only upon their approval. We also obtained explicit consent from them for the publication of any personal information collected. Our study strictly followed the ethical guidelines outlined by the Debre Birhan University declaration, which governs research involving human and animal subjects, and was approved by the university’s Institutional Review Board. We guaranteed that all participants provided informed consent and that their rights and welfare were protected throughout the research process, in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants were informed about the study’s objectives, expected outcomes, potential benefits, and any risks involved. Written consent was obtained from each individual prior to data collection. The plant collection was conducted on both private and public land, with the necessary permissions from landowners and the relevant authorities in Menz Keya Gebreal district.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.