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Authors
He, Jin-Xuan
Lin, Chia-Hsin
Ling, Jia-An
Kuo, Chao-Lin
Lee, Meng-Shiou
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
China Medical University, Taiwan (CMU113-S-25)
China Medical University, Taiwan (CMU113-S-52)
National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan (NSTC 112-2320-B-039-040-MY2)
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Article History
Received: 12 July 2025
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 24 February 2026
Declarations
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: Not applicable. No research involving human participants, human material, or human data was conducted; therefore, ethics approval and informed consent were not required.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos), and therefore consent for publication is not required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
