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Article History

Received: 23 April 2025

Accepted: 5 March 2026

First Online: 10 March 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the ethics committee of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University (Ethics Approval Number: Clinical Research [2024] 243-001). Trained and authorized investigators will obtain informed consent using the latest approved form through a face-to-face discussion, ensuring participants fully understand the study’s purpose, procedures, risks, and rights-including voluntary participation and withdrawal without penalty. The signed form is kept in duplicate by both the institution and the participant. Additionally, the form specifies that collected blood samples and clinical data will be used for analyzing specific serum markers in this study and may be utilized as anonymized data in future related academic research, with all uses strictly adhering to confidentiality principles.

: Not applicable—no identifying images or other personal or clinical details of participants are presented here or will be presented in reports of the trial results. The participant information materials and informed consent form are available from the corresponding author on request.

: The authors declare no competing interests.