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Authors
Küçükkaya, Burcu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3421-9794
Öztürk, Simge https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2201-5230
Ekrem, Ebru Ci̇rban https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-0675
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
TÜBİTAK-ARDEB 1002 - A Short term Support Module (223S428)
TÜBİTAK-ARDEB 1002 - A Short term Support Module (223S428)
TÜBİTAK-ARDEB 1002 - A Short term Support Module (223S428)
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Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 19 June 2026
First Online: 3 July 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval: Prior to data collection, ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Social and Human Sciences at Bartın University (Date: July 17, 2023; Decision No: 2023-SBB-0435). Institutional permissions were granted by the Dean’s Office of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Bartın University and the Bartın Provincial Health Directorate to access antenatal classes and conduct data collection. All primiparous women included in the study were informed about the purpose of the research, and it was emphasized that participation was entirely voluntary. Written informed consent forms were obtained from all participants. For the instruments used in the study, written permissions were secured from the original authors who had established their validity and reliability. The study was conducted in full compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. As this was a randomized controlled trial, the CONSORT guidelines were strictly followed.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
