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Authors
Albuquerque, Nelson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6695-2181
Strasse, Wally
Gabriel, Joaquim
Gonçalves, Liliana
Teixeira, Laetitia
Cantista, Pedro
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Article History
Received: 25 March 2026
Accepted: 25 September 2026
First Online: 3 October 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Joint Ethics Committee of the Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences – University of Porto. It was reviewed in a plenary meeting on 11 May 2022 and received a favorable opinion on that date. Formal approval was issued on 22 July 2022 under reference SCE/HCC/010 (protocol 2021/CE/P31/(P371/CETI)). The research followed the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: All participants provided written informed consent before enrolment, in accordance with the study protocol, after obtaining comprehensive information regarding the study objectives, procedures, possible risks, and benefits.
Competing interests: Two of the authors (N.A. and L.G.) are employed by Termalistur – Termas de São Pedro do Sul, where the study was conducted. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
