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Article History

Received: 16 March 2023

Accepted: 31 May 2023

First Online: 8 June 2023

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was taken from the Ethics Committee of Jinan University. Medical students’ participation was voluntary, and participants were informed prior to starting the survey that no identifying data are collected, and responses would only be used for research purposes. This ensured a 100% consent rate. All participants provided informed consent. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.