NIE, Shengxiao
WANG, Lei
Article History
Received: 15 October 2023
Accepted: 11 July 2024
First Online: 19 July 2024
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Hospital (protocol number: 2023BJYYEC-155–01). Each participant received a cover letter containing detailed information about the study’s purpose, methods, potential conflicts of interest, researcher affiliations, anticipated benefits, and possible risks. Participants were informed of their right to decline participation or withdraw consent at any time without consequences. We ensured individual anonymity and data confidentiality throughout the research by using anonymous identifiers. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.