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Authors
Liang, Zhanming https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8022-4017
Kakemam, Edris https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7721-6924
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Article History
Received: 25 January 2024
Accepted: 20 January 2025
First Online: 24 January 2025
Declarations
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: This study received ethics approval from the Ethics Committee of the Iran University of Medical sciences (IR.IUMS.REC.1399.1110). Written informed consent was obtained from all managers who completed the survey on paper and implied consent was obtained from those who completed the survey online. The survey started with a sentence that “completing the questionnaire by the participants is considered voluntary and informed.” and only participants who consented could proceed with the online survey. All survey data were collected anonymously. The study were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
