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Article History

Received: 17 April 2024

Accepted: 23 January 2025

First Online: 28 January 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted following ethical guidelines, in full compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the National Bioethics Committee for Research Pakistan, with approval obtained from the Institutional Review Committee/Ethics Review Committee of Islamic International Medical College (Ref No. Riphah/IIMC/IRC/23/3026). Verbal informed consent was obtained from the participants involved in the cognitive interviews to ensure their understanding and voluntary participation. For the construct validation, written informed consent was obtained from all participants, ensuring that they were fully informed about the study’s purpose, procedures, and rights, including the right to withdraw at any stage without consequences. These measures were taken to uphold ethical standards and participant autonomy.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.