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Article History

Received: 22 August 2024

Accepted: 14 February 2025

First Online: 24 February 2025

Declarations

:

: This survey was approved (# 21R-039) by the Institutional Review Board for Clinical Research of Tokai University School of Medicine and conformed to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. To improve Kampo education, informed consent was obtained at the beginning of the e-learning course to use the participants’ personal information regarding their careers, learning level of Kampo medicine, and the pre- and post-test scores for academic use. Anonymization and protection of the participants’ names and e-mail addresses were guaranteed.

: Informed consent was obtained at the beginning of the e-learning course to use the participants’ personal information regarding their careers, learning level of Kampo medicine, and the pre- and post-test scores for academic use.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests; however, the Department of Kampo Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, and Oriental Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, received a grant from Tsumura, a Japanese manufacturer of Kampo medicine.