Meng, Haiwei
Qiu, Rui https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5592-2544
Zhang, Qingli
Song, Rui https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0925-7616
Cong, Hua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2831-4496
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong University undergraduate education and teaching reform research project (2024Y157, 2023Y145)
Shandong University Qilu medical characteristics undergraduate education teaching research reform project (qlyxjy-202373)
Article History
Received: 17 October 2024
Accepted: 2 April 2025
First Online: 15 April 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong University. All the students voluntarily participated in the study in response to the official invitation. The participants were informed of their optional and anonymous survey. The research would not affect individual privacy rights and welfare. Data confidentiality was protected.
: All authors have read and given consent for the publication of this manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.