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Article History

Received: 24 January 2025

Accepted: 16 April 2025

First Online: 23 April 2025

Declarations

:

: This study received ethics approval (Approval No: ZSRT20251) from the Human Experiment Ethics Committee at Zhejiang Normal University. The study was conducted under the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study and the confidentiality of their personal information. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant before their involvement in the research. Participants were assured that their participation was voluntary and that they had the right to withdraw from the study without any consequences. All data collected for this study were anonymized and securely stored to protect participants’ privacy. The research team adhered to the ethical guidelines and principles set forth by Zhejiang Normal University throughout the study to ensure the responsible and respectful treatment of all participants involved.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.