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Authors
Wang, Siqi
Yang, Di
Zhao, Wenbo
Yan, Xiaoyuan
Zhang, Xiyue
Gao, Wenqing
Guo, Jiajie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4116-6512
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Article History
Received: 2 January 2025
Accepted: 29 April 2025
First Online: 7 May 2025
Declarations
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: The authors affirm compliance with the WMA Helsinki Declaration’s ethical standards in human subject research and confirm the study’s adherence to these principles, as approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the School of Stomatology, China Medical University (Grant No. K2024022). All participants were adults and provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
