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Authors
Ghanem, Omar A. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1966-3705
Hagag, Abdelmonam M. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1392-3505
Kormod, Muhammed E. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9036-3338
El-Refaay, Mennatullah A. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2155-5082
Khedr, Alaa Mahmoud https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6213-4936
Abozaid, Omnia M. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9841-0146
Abdelmoaty, Karim M. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7494-6682
Hamed, Mona S.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Zagazig University
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Article History
Received: 15 December 2024
Accepted: 12 May 2025
First Online: 28 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of Zagazig University (ZU-IRB# 245/26 March 2024).
: Prior to the commencement of the study, informed consent was obtained from each participant. They were informed about the aim of the study, the procedures involved, and any risks or benefits of the study. Also, they were informed that they could withdraw at any time from the study. The results were used for further statistical evaluation and scientific publication. Respondent anonymity was guaranteed by design.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
