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Authors
Zong, Gongli
Zhang, Peipei
Wang, Yongan
Han, Jinxiang
Wang, Lin
Pan, Jihong
Pang, Jingxiang
Cao, Guangxiang
Fu, Jiafang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (1905, 2024)
Shandong Province Undergraduate Teaching Reform Research Project (Z2024215, Z2024215)
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Article History
Received: 20 March 2025
Accepted: 14 May 2025
First Online: 26 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted per the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Biomedical Sciences College (approval number: 2021–03). The collected data is utilized exclusively for research purposes. Participation was voluntary, and written informed consent was obtained from each student before the data collection began.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
