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Authors
Zhang, Yuelun
Liu, Zijia
Ma, Lulu
Li, Xu
Zhu, Qianmei
Wang, Guonian
Cang, Jing
Diao, Yugang
Zhang, Tiezheng
Shen, Le
Huang, Yuguang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-PUMCH-B-006)
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Article History
Received: 30 September 2024
Accepted: 16 May 2025
First Online: 23 May 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Peking Union Medical College Hospital Institutional Review Board (No. K5492). Written informed consent was obtained from all the surveyed participants. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: This study involves only aggregated data at the population level and does not include any identifiable personal information. All participants provided written informed consent prior to data collection, and the study was approved by the institutional ethics committee.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
