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Authors
Chen, Shin-Yun
Salcedo, Daniel
Hsiao, Bu-Yuan
Huang, Wen-Cheng
Su, Bor-Chyuan
Horng, Jiun-Lin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Taipei Medical University Hospital (113TMU-TMUH-08)
National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan (NSTC113-2311-B-038-004)
the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE), Taiwan (DP2-TMU-114-O-07)
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Article History
Received: 6 March 2025
Accepted: 22 May 2025
First Online: 30 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Taipei Medical University Joint Institutional Review Board (TMU-JIRB; Approval No. N202104008). Given that this research involved routine educational activities without interventions, the TMU-JIRB reviewed the protocol under an expedited review process and formally waived the requirement for written informed consent. However, students were orally informed about the study procedures before participation. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable. All images and data have been de-identified and do not contain personally identifiable information.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
