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Article History

Received: 10 May 2025

Accepted: 21 July 2025

First Online: 18 August 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this cross-national study, which aimed to establish the construct validity of high-fidelity simulation-based assessments for procedural nursing skills using the Kane Validity Framework, was granted by the Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) of the University of Education, Winneba (UEW), Ghana. Informed consent was obtained from all student participants and clinical educators involved in the study. For participants under 18 years of age, parental or guardian consent was also secured. The objectives, methodology, and voluntary nature of the research were clearly communicated, and confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained throughout.

: Participants were fully informed that anonymized data may be used for academic and scholarly dissemination, including journal publication. For participants below 18 years of age, publication consent was also obtained from their parents or legal guardians.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Not applicable.