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Authors
AL-Huthaifi, Basem H.
Ghwainem, Abdulhamid Al
Alqarni, Adel S.
Alshehri, Bandar Yahya
Almnea, Raid Abdullah
Alelyani, Ahmed Ali
Alshahrani, Abdulmajeed Saeed
Al Moaleem, Mohammed M.
Alhumaidi, Ashraf Mohammed
Abdullah, Baker Mohammed Abdo
Shaamala, Emad Mohamed
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the study was granted by the Research Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sciences and Technology, Sann, Yemen (MEC/AD009, 04/05/2024). All participants provided written informed consent after being fully informed about the study’s objectives, procedures, and potential risks, and were informed that they could discontinue the questionnaire at any time without providing a reason.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
