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Authors
Shrateh, Oadi N. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-1544
Al-batat, Siwar
Al-Qudimat, Ahmad R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-7244
Ghannam, Lara I.
Abuhanoud, Lina J.
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Article History
Received: 7 July 2025
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 9 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (REC) at Al-Quds University. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. The survey data were collected voluntarily and anonymously, without sensitive information about the participants being disclosed. Before filling the questionnaire, informed consent was obtained from all participants, and detailed information explaining the purpose of the study was provided to them.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
