Nghitanwa, Emma Maano https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3321-2635
Josua, Lukas Matati https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-9723
Haipinge, Erkkie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0445-0124
Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
:
: This autoethnographic study did not obtain data from human participants but was based on contextual reflection and document analysis extracted from a PDHE’s Integrated Professional Portfolio. There was no ethical issue because the data collected involved no subjects, but was obtained from a reflective chapter of a portfolio. Also, adherence to the Declaration of Helsinki was not required because the paper did not involve human data or human participants. The informed consent was not appropriate. Furthermore, the process of applying the ethical principle of informed consent was not necessary as no human participants were involved. This study was not submitted to UNAM’s Decentralised Ethics Committee (DEC) for approval because it does not involve human participants or procedures requiring ethical consideration. UNAM’s Research Ethics Policy, Regulations and Guidelines indicates that research that involves secondary data text analysis and/or does not involve human or animal participants may be exempted from ethical review []. The data contained in this article does not violate any intellectual property rights; consequently, this study did not require ethical review. The assessment policies and guidelines for the institution are available for staff, and there was no need for a formal request.
: All authors approved the manuscript for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.