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Article History

Received: 3 May 2025

Accepted: 27 October 2025

First Online: 29 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from KAIMRC under IRB Approval Number NRJ23J/025/03. The researchers adhered to both institutional and international ethical standards, strictly following the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Participant rights and data integrity were upheld at all stages of the study. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles related to autonomy, confidentiality, and voluntary participation. Prior to data collection, the researchers clearly explained the study’s purpose, procedures, and participants’ rights, including the right to refuse participation or withdraw at any time without academic consequences. Informed consent was obtained in both written and electronic formats, depending on the mode of participation. For students completing the paper-based questionnaire or participating in in-person interviews, written consent was signed before participation. For those completing the online questionnaire or joining virtual focus groups, electronic consent was secured through digital confirmation prior to participation. To protect confidentiality, all data were anonymized and securely stored on password-protected computers, accessible only to the research team.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.