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Authors
Olsen, Marit Vassbotten
Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linquist
Nortvedt, Monica Wammen
Nilsen, Roy Miodini
Karlgren, Klas
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Western Norway University Of Applied Sciences
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2024
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 22 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Norwegian Agency for Shared Services in Education and Research (SIKT). Reference number 783418. According to Norwegian legislation, no ethics approval is necessary when patients are not involved. Because the data should be collected while the students were in clinical practice, a pre- application of approval was sent for the Regional Ethics Committee (REK Vest), with the answer “No approval for the REK committee” was approved. Reference number 404267. The study was approved by the dean of Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences. The study was conducted according to the declaration of Helsinki [ ]. The participant gave their written, informed consent to participate. They were informed that they could withdraw their consent at any time, without giving them any negative consequences. All data were handled anonymous and confidential, and no participants can be recognized through the results presented.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
