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Authors
Tsai, Chiao-Ling
Huang, Chun-Ta
Yang, Chih-Wei
Chiu, Yen-Lin
Chao, Chia-Ter
Lin, Mong-Wei
Ho, Chao-Chi
Chen, Huey-Ling
Hsu, Chiun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 114-2635-H-002-003)
National Taiwan University College of Medicine (115L7415)
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Article History
Received: 25 September 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The Research Ethics Committee of National Taiwan University Hospital (202401224Â W) reviewed the protocol and granted an exemption from full-board review, waiving the requirement for participant consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
