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Authors
Yang, Xi
Wu, Qinyi
Yang, Haiping
Deng, Yu
Chen, Feng
An, Yunfei
Zhang, Zhiyong
Shen, Yali
Tang, Xuemei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chongqing Medical University 2023 School-Level Educational Reform Research Project (JY20230327)
Chongqing Medical University 2023 School-Level Educational Reform Research Project (JY20230327)
Chongqing Medical University 2023 School-Level Educational Reform Research Project (JY20230327)
Chongqing Medical University 2023 School-Level Educational Reform Research Project (JY20230327)
Chongqing Medical University 2023 School-Level Educational Reform Research Project (JY20230327)
Chongqing Medical University 2023 School-Level Educational Reform Research Project (JY20230327)
Chongqing Medical University 2023 School-Level Educational Reform Research Project (JY20230327)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (243393)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (243393)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (243393)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (243393)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (256043)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (243393)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (243393)
Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (243393)
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Article History
Received: 16 July 2024
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: Informed consent was obtained from all participants (all participants are older than 16), which was in the form of online questionnaires. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in Chongqing. (registration number: 2024 − 237).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
