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Authors
Mohammed, Abdulkarem Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-614X
Alkadasi, Baleegh Abdulraoof https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3835-0252
Altayyar, Sadeq
Al-Muaalemi, Zakarya
Al-Wahbi, Omer Abd Al-Aziz
Khoshafa, Ghadeer
AL-Zaghruri, Anas
Al-Hiagem, Ammar
Al-Huthaifi, Otbah
Abo-Alrejal, Hanan
Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-8269
Al-Gabri, Redhwan Saleh https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5962-6907
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Article History
Received: 13 August 2025
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: All participants provided written informed consent, and the survey was conducted anonymously on a voluntary basis. The study was approved by the Faculty of Dentistry Ethics Committee at Taibah University (Ref. No. TUCDREC/070927) and conducted in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
