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Authors
Alwhaibi, Reem M.
Alshammari, Raghad B.
Alrufayyiq, Nouf I.
Alenzi, Jawaher Q.
Alsumayli, Amirah H.
Alrushud, Btool I.
Alahmadi, Tahani J.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
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Article History
Received: 27 May 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (IRB Log Number: 24–0942). All participants were provided with a study information sheet and gave informed consent electronically prior to their participation. The study complied with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: All participants were informed that their anonymized responses may be used in publications. No identifying personal information (e.g., names, images, or videos) has been included in the manuscript. Therefore, specific consent for publication is not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
