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Authors
Li, Jialan
Wu, Ningling
Lu, Jianyun
Tong, Xiaoliang
Gao, Lihua
Zeng, Jinrong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Wisdom Accumulation and Talent Cultivation Project of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (No. YX202214)
the Hunan Province Graduate Education Educational Reform Project (No.2025JGYB041)
the Graduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Central South University (No. 2025JGB026)
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Article History
Received: 26 June 2025
Accepted: 5 December 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (Approval No. 24177), and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants voluntarily took part in the study and provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
