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Authors
Yao, Yuanyuan
Rui, Min
Zhou, Xiangyong
Han, Zixin
Luo, Ge
Liu, Yi
Tao, Jiachun
Guo, Jin
Tang, Biyun
Zheng, Bin
Wang, Yi
Yan, Min
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project of China 2021 (2021-LCZDZK-01)
the National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project of China 2021 (2021-LCZDZK-01)
Teaching Reform Research Incubation Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (20240415)
Teaching Reform Research Incubation Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (20240415)
the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2024C03091)
the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2024C03091)
Zhejiang Clinovation Pride (CXTD202501020)
Zhejiang Clinovation Pride (CXTD202501020)
the Leading Health Talents of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Health Office No. 18 (2020)
the Leading Health Talents of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Health Office No. 18 (2020)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U24A200213, 82371217, and 82071227)
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Article History
Received: 22 June 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 18 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (August 26, 2024, 20241027), and adhered to the Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies (CROSS) guidelines [ ]. It was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. All participants were fully informed of the study’s content and voluntarily provided consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
