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Article History

Received: 7 December 2025

Accepted: 5 January 2026

First Online: 12 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in strict adherence to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Istanbul Aydın University (Approval Number: 245/2025). ınformed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Participation was voluntary, and all participant data were anonymized and kept confidential in accordance with institutional data protection regulations.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.