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Authors
Chaisawasthomrong, Chonnawee
Boongird, Atthaporn
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mahidol University
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Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Accepted: 6 January 2026
First Online: 15 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Ratchaburi Hospital, Ratchaburi, Thailand, under protocol number COE-RBHEC 003/2025. The committee waived the need for consent to participate in accordance with national regulations and 45 CFR 46.101(b). The study maintained participant anonymity and data confidentiality. It was conducted in full compliance with international ethical standards, including the Declaration of Helsinki, The Belmont Report, CIOMS Guidelines, and the International Conference on Harmonisation – Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
