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Authors
Shaoxiong, Guo
Chan, He
Mian, Zhang
Jing, Zhang
Lei, Lu
Hongyun, Zhang
Hongxu, Yang
Shibin, Yu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2024SF-YBXM-260)
Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2024SF-YBXM-260)
New Technology and Service of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, China (Grant No. LX2025-503)
the higher education research project of Shaanxi Higher Education Society, Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. XGH21242)
the higher education research project of Shaanxi Higher Education Society, Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. XGH21242)
the higher education research project of Shaanxi Higher Education Society, Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. XGH21242)
the higher education research project of Shaanxi Higher Education Society, Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. XGH21242)
the higher education research project of Shaanxi Higher Education Society, Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. XGH21242)
the higher education research project of Shaanxi Higher Education Society, Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. XGH21242)
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Article History
Received: 9 May 2025
Accepted: 13 January 2026
First Online: 20 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University (IRB Approval No. KQ-YJ-2025-147). All procedures adhered to the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, with explicit emphasis on voluntary participation and the right to withdraw at any stage.
: Not applicable (no individual personal data or images are included).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
