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Authors
Sabil, Moaaz Mohammed Osman
Mohamed, Alaa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9225-1522
Ahmed, Mohammed El Imam Mohammed
Ouf, Mohammed Ahmed Ibn
Gismalla, Mohamed Daffalla Awadalla
Alzubier, Mosab A. A.
Taha, Sami Mahjoub
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2026
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Sudan Medical Specialization Board (SMSB). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Informed consent was obtained electronically from all individual participants included in the study.
: Not applicable. The manuscript reports aggregated, anonymized survey data and contains no individually identifiable personal data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
