Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Daitz, Emma https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8701-982X
Jenkins, Louis S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3221-8683
van Rensburg, Jacques Janse https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5045-8728
Muller, Madeleine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9291-7446
Singaram, Veena S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6974-7423
Cooke, Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0827-8720
Adam, Sumaiya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-3273
Mawela, Dini https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2709-9621
Botha, Gerda https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1823-7570
Mamashela, Thakadu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-8102
Harris, Tashneem https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0837-9815
Buch, Eric https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-9995
Green-Thompson, Lionel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-9527
Burch, Vanessa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7304-4424
Ras, Tasleem https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5411-9363
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University Capacity Development Programme
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 6 February 2026
First Online: 21 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study complied with the prescripts of the declaration of Helsinki and the Department of Health (South Africa, 2015). Ethical clearance for the study was granted by all seven participating institutions: Sefako Makgatho University Research Ethics Committee (SMUREC/M/420/2023:IR), University of Stellenbosch Health Research Ethics Committee (N23/09/115); University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC REF 630/2023); University of the Free State, Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (UFS-HSD2023/2266/3004); University of Limpopo, Turfloop Research Ethics Committee (TREC/1694/2023: IR); University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Ethics Committee (473/2023); Walter Sisulu University Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (029/2024); University of the Witwatersrand, Human Research Ethics Committee (MEDICAL) (M231048 M240314-A-0001). All participants are medical professionals who provided voluntary informed consent before inclusion in the study. Participants were protected through strict anonymization of data, protection of their personal information, maintenance of confidentiality throughout the process, and a no-risk guarantee of withdrawal from participation at all times. Identifying elements were removed from the dataset by the project lead before being shared with the rest of the project team. Ethics approval was obtained from all participating institutions.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: No clinical trial number.
