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Authors
Özdemir, Serap https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4589-7264
Akçoban, Sümeyye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7533-8140
Berşe, Soner https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9108-3216
Tosun, Betül https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4505-5887
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Article History
Received: 23 January 2026
Accepted: 12 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Türkiye (Date: 17.09.2025; Meeting No: 12; Decision No: 31). Institutional permission was granted by the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing (No: E-50581566-900-729455). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
