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Authors
Mashmool, Hossein https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1718-3114
Mahmodi, Mohammad Azim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-3973
Amouzeshi, Zahra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2155-3128
Bakhshi, Toktam https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4000-1353
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Article History
Received: 31 October 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Birjand University of Medical Sciences (Approval Code: IR.BUMS.REC.1404.086) and adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided informed consent prior to participation, and approval was obtained from the faculty authorities before data collection. Participant confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained by assigning identification codes instead of names and by storing all data securely. Participation was voluntary, and students were informed of their right to withdraw at any stage.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
