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Article History

Received: 11 November 2025

Accepted: 9 March 2026

First Online: 12 March 2026

Declarations

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: This study analysed anonymised questionnaires collected during a routine educational cadaveric workshop conducted within the institutional surgical simulation and training programme. All participants voluntarily provided informed consent to participate in the training and to complete the survey questionnaires.The cadaveric material used during the workshop originated from the Body Donation Programme of the Department of Normal Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin (Lublin, Poland), established for medical education and research in accordance with institutional regulations of the university’s body donation programme.Because the present study involved only anonymised educational survey data collected as part of routine training activities and did not include any intervention on living human participants, formal ethical approval was waived according to institutional regulations of the Bioethics Committee at the Medical University of Lublin.All procedures performed in this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committees and with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: NA.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.