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Authors
Hamza, Muhammad Amir https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6142-9430
Siddique, Hamza
Ullah, Shahan
Afzal, Shairyar
Masud, Mariam
Arain, Mudassar Iqbal
Ahmed, Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8964-1853
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Article History
Received: 13 May 2025
Accepted: 20 March 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan (Reference number: REC/RIPS-G-7/4/2023/22). Informed written consent was obtained from each participant to confirm their voluntary participation in the study. This research was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
