Document is current

Article History

Received: 27 January 2026

Accepted: 9 April 2026

First Online: 29 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study involved human participants and was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Harvard Medical School Program in Medical Education’s Educational Scholarship Review and was deemed exempt from Institutional Review Board (IRB) review. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. An information sheet describing the purpose of the study, the voluntary nature of participation, and data confidentiality was provided in the introductory email and on the first page of the online survey. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants; completion and submission of the anonymous survey after reading the study information were taken as evidence of informed consent.

: Not applicable as no identifiable data was collected.

: The authors declare no competing interests.