Document is current

Article History

Received: 18 November 2024

Accepted: 21 April 2026

First Online: 16 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and obtained the approval of the ethics committee of the Université Paris Cité (2023-SANNIER-EvalR2C). The ethics committee waived the need for written informed consent from the students but required that they received clear information about the study protocol with the possibility to decline to participate. To fulfill this requirement, an information note accompanied the survey on examination digital assessment platform to remind students of the aims of the study and to indicate the free and voluntary nature of participation in this project, the processing of personal data and the possibility of withdrawing their consent at any time during the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.