Mohd Bahar, Farhana Harzila
Roslan, Nurhanis Syazni
Ping, Nicholas Pang Tze
Abdul Nasir, Nurul Alimah
Ibrahim, Mohd Salami
Adam, Siti Khadijah
Ahmad Razali, Shazrina
Yusoff, Muhamad Saiful Bahri
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (FRGS/1/2024/SSI09/USM/02/12)
Article History
Received: 7 March 2026
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 16 May 2026
Declarations
<b>Ethics approval and consent to participate</b>: Not applicable.
<b>Consent for publication</b>: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.