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Authors
Hsu, Hsiang-Chin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4350-6701
Chu, Shao-Chung https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-8985
Sung, Tzu-Ching https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-9026
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Article History
Received: 28 March 2026
Accepted: 6 May 2026
First Online: 10 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), I-Shou University, Taiwan (IRB No. 2026003). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to participation. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the Helsinki Declaration. Oral and written information about the study was given to the participants, and written informed consent was collected before they took part in the research.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
