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Authors
Guo, Jia
Duan, Jianguo
He, Yandi
Cui, Huilin
Zhang, Chengyu
Yu, Zhen
Jiang, Yuqi
Zhang, Qinglei
Tan, Haoyue
Jia, Huan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the 17th College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (1723X512)
National Key Research and Development Program (2023YFB4705805, 2023YFB4705800)
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases (14DZ2260300)
Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (SHDC2020CR3010A)
“National Double First-Class”and “Shanghai-Top-Level”high education initiative at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
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Article History
Received: 13 February 2026
Accepted: 22 May 2026
First Online: 28 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Our study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Approval No.: SH9H-2023-T239-1), and all participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
