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Authors
Ma, Chen-ying
Chen, Jie
Fu, Yi
Liu, Lou
Zhang, Jing-wen
Zhou, Ju-ying
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81602792)
General Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission (M2024004)
iangsu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Research Project (F202210)
Youth Characteristic Technology Project of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Innovation Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (2100201)
Jiangsu Provincial Basic Science (Natural Science) Research General Project (23KJB310023)
State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radiation Protection Funding Project (GZK1202101)
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Article History
Received: 21 March 2026
Accepted: 25 May 2026
First Online: 27 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional regulations. Written informed consent to participate was obtained from all postgraduate trainees prior to enrollment. Participation in the study was voluntary and had no impact on trainees’ routine rotation requirements, academic standing, or formal summative evaluation. All data were de-identified before analysis.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
