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Article History

Received: 20 December 2024

Accepted: 28 May 2026

First Online: 6 June 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study utilized existing data collected by the administration office of Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and was deemed exempt from review by the Sungkyunkwan University Institutional Review Board (IRB). The requirement for informed consent was waived because the study involved retrospective analysis of de-identified existing data. The dataset was entirely de-identified to ensure participant confidentiality and privacy.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.