Kalkmann, Friederike
Lienenbrink, Simone
Behrens, Jonathan
Hoferichter, Jannik
Borcherding, Gesa
Bräutigam, Christoph
Evans-Borchers, Michaela
Laser, Johannes
Theil, Tobias
Hülsken-Giesler, Manfred
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universität Osnabrück
Article History
Received: 22 December 2025
Accepted: 1 June 2026
First Online: 15 June 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethics committee approval was deemed unnecessary for this study, as the criteria for requiring ethics committee approval according to the guidelines of the German Research Foundation (DFG) do not apply. According to the DFG, ethics committee approval is required for studies involving patients or vulnerable populations [ ]; however, this was not the case in the present study.The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki: Participation in the study posed no risks to the participants, no vulnerable groups were included, participation was entirely voluntary, and all participants were fully informed about the study procedures and data protection measures. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to participation.All participants in the qualitative study provided informed consent to participate.
: Non applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.