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Article History

Received: 13 September 2024

Accepted: 2 June 2026

First Online: 4 June 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This research was carried out after obtaining the necessary permits and obtaining the approval of the ethics committee (with ID IR.SUMS.NUMIMG.REC.1402.012) from the Research Vice-Chancellor of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Iran). This study was conducted in full compliance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran (Ethics ID: IR.SUMS.NUMIMG.REC.1402.012). Before data collection, official permission to conduct the study was secured from the Vice President of Research and the heads of the participating universities. All participants both educators and students were informed about the objectives, procedures, potential benefits, and voluntary nature of the study. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant prior to participation. Respondents were assured that their information would remain strictly confidential and would be used solely for research purposes. To protect privacy, all questionnaires were coded anonymously without identifying personal information. Participants were also informed that they had the right to withdraw from the study or decline to complete the questionnaires at any time without any consequences. The researchers ensured that participation posed no physical or psychological harm to the respondents and that all data were stored securely and accessed only by the research team.

Consent for publication: Not Applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.