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Article History

Received: 26 February 2026

Accepted: 12 June 2026

First Online: 20 June 2026

Declarations

:

: All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrolment. The consent procedure included permission for the recording of both images and sound during the simulation scenarios, the collection of demographic data (sex, age, and years of professional experience), as well as the processing, analysis, and publication of aggregated and anonymized results for research purposes.The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and in compliance with applicable national regulations. Adherence to the requirements of the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was reviewed and approved by the institutional data protection officer.Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen (reference number 681/2020BO2). The study was prospectively registered in the German Register of Clinical Studies (DRKS00024822).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.