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Authors
Poorhassan, Mahnaz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7684-1637
Hooshmandja, Manijeh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0454-9231
Karimian, Zahra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5631-6448
Seifali, Elham https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-5821
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Article History
Received: 27 September 2024
Accepted: 26 June 2026
First Online: 1 July 2026
Declarations
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: The students were informed about the purpose and objectives of the survey. The questionnaires were collected and completed anonymously, ensuring participant privacy. Informed consent was obtained from all participants in the study. Smart University of Medical Sciences reviewed and approved this research through the Research Ethics Committee under registration number IR.SMUMS.REC.1402.001. Prior to the commencement of the study, the research protocol and study design were reviewed and approved by the institutional ethics committee. Both educational approaches were considered pedagogically appropriate and posed no risk to participants. In accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, students in the control group were provided access to the eHistoLab web application following completion of the study to ensure educational equity and equal learning opportunities for all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
