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Article History

Received: 27 February 2026

Accepted: 17 July 2026

First Online: 21 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted among first-year nursing students at International University of Rabat, Morocco, as part of routine educational activities involving simulation-based learning aimed at improving medication administration competencies. The study focused on the assessment of students’ technical and non-technical skills during simulation sessions.The study did not involve patients, human tissue, or the collection of personal or sensitive data. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. Students were informed about the objectives of the study, and their participation was entirely voluntary. They were also assured that the collected data would remain anonymous and would be used solely for research purposes.According to the institutional policies of the International University of Rabat and national regulations governing educational evaluation activities, studies conducted within routine pedagogical practices that do not involve personal data collection do not require formal approval from an Institutional Review Board or ethics committee.Therefore, formal ethics committee approval was deemed unnecessary for this study. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.